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Solan is the district headquarters of Solan district (created on 1 September 1972) in the state of Himachal Pradesh. Solan district has emerged on the map of Himachal Pradesh on 1st September, 1972 as a result of reorganization of erstwhile Shimla and Mahsu districts. The Solan district is known as Gateway to Himachal Pradesh as the national Highway no. 22 passes through this district. It is located 46 kilometres south of the state capital, Shimla. At an average elevation of 1,600 meters (5,200 ft). The place is named after the Hindu goddess Shoolini devi. Solan was the capital of the erstwhile princely state, Baghat. It is known as the “Mushroom city of India” because of the vast mushroom farming in the area as well as the Directorate of Mushroom Research (DMR) situated at Chambaghat. Solan is crowned as the “City of Red Gold“, in reference to the bulk production of tomatoes in the area The town is situated between Chandigarh and Shimla , on the Kalka-Shimla National Highway. The Kalka-Shimla narrow gauge heritage railway line, built by the British passes through Solan and is a recognized World Heritage site.

Location & Geographical Area:  The district Solan is bounded by Shimla in the north, Ropar district of the Punjab and Ambala district of Haryana in south, Sirmour district in the east and Bilaspur district in the west. Its name comes from Mata Shoolini Devi. The total geographical area of the district is 1936 sq. k.m. which is 3.49 percent of the total area of the State and ranks 9th amongst the district.

Solan is a mountainous district except Nalagarh valley. Main occupation of the people is agriculture as about 80% of the rural households are engaged in agriculture and the district is also known for Mushroom and off - season vegetables. Maize and wheat as the major cereal crops. Tomato, ginger and carnation and capsicum in green houses are the major commercial crops in the district. Besides this, the district can boast of all types of temperate and sub temperate fruits. There are 50145 landholdings with an area of 86921 ha.. Avg. land holding is 1.78 ha. The district is also known for its industrial towns and is coming up as an educational & digital agriculture marketing hub.